GRADE OF SUPERLATIVE

Superlative level

The superlative degree is the degree of the adjective or the adverb that expresses the meaning of these in its greatest intensity.

Recall that the DRAE does not collect the regular training superlatives, without implying that they are incorrect.

1 The superlative degree in adjectives

The superlative degree of the adjective can be expressed in several ways:

Adding in front of the adjective the adverb of quantity very.

very big

very smart

very difficult

By derivation, adding the suffixes -simply, -simply, -strug, -full.

great

very smart

very difficult

very poor

very famous

In popular speech, prefixing is often used as well. Some of the prefixes used are: requete-, sobre-, super- or extra-.

requeteguapo

superamable

well-known

extravagant

Through other formal resources. For example, adding some adverb (superlative periphrastic):

quite big

extraordinarily intelligent

horribly difficult

truly impressive

impressively high

incredibly beautiful

horribly ugly

Also with expressions and phrases made with more tha is smarter than hunger ~ it's very clever

1.1 Superlative formation by derivation

- Adjectives that end in a vowel lose it when forming the superlative.

thin - very thin

boring - boring

sweet - sweet

- Adjectives that end in diphthong or hiatus, lose the last vowel.

clean - very clean

spacious - very spacious

- Some adjectives reduce the diphthong by losing the accent in that syllable.

hot - hot

brave - brave

new - new

However, not all do it.

old - very old

awake - awake

loose - very lonely

There are others who admit both ways.

new - new / new

strong - very strong / very strong

true - absolute

- Some adjectives add the interfix -c-.

young - very young

serious - very serious

Adjectives ending in -ble form the superlative on the Latin form in -bilis.

miserable

remarkable - very remarkable

sensitive - very sensitive

However, there are some exceptions.

flimsy

feble

- Other superlatives, are formed from the Latin lexeme.

wise - very wise

faithful - very faithful

sacred - most sacred

magnificent - magnificent

Some of those, also admit another form.

cruel - cruel

harsh

integral - integral / integral

poor - very poor / very poor

- There are superlatives that are formed from lexemes different from those of the positive degree (synthetic superlatives).

good - optimal

bad - bad

large - maximum

small - minimum

2 The superlative degree in adverbs

There are several adverbs that support brands of superlative degree, which can be expressed in the following ways:

Adding the adverb very.

very good

very fast

Adding the suffix -isima, -simply.

very close

In adverbs ending in -mente, including the feminine suffix -simply between the feminine form of the adverb and the suffix -mente.

very fast

3 Frequent errors in the expression of the superlative

There are some adjectives that do not support the superlative degree with suffix.

* previous (the correct thing is: much earlier)

* very close (the right thing is: very close)

* heroicísimo (the correct thing is: very heroic)

Some adjectives do not admit the superlative because of its already extreme meaning.

* absurdísimo

* perfect

* very first (the DPD admits it)

Neither does the superlative admit other adjectives, such as the gentilicios, those that refer to any place or those finished in -eo, -imo, -fero or

-voro.

suitable

illegitimate

authentic

carnivorous

The combination of the adverb very with the suffix -ísimo is unnecessary. It is a redundancy.

* The house is very large.

* The car is very fast.

4 types of superlative

4.1 Relative superlative

It is the one that assigns the maximum or minimum degree of a quality to one or several people or things in relation to the others.

It can be expressed in the following ways:

Adding to the adjective an adverb of quantity (more or less) preceded by an article.

The sweetest

The cutest

By a synthetic comparison preceded by an article and followed by a supplement introduced by the preposition of.

The best of the singers

The best of tennis players

The eldest of the brothers

4.2 Absolute superlative

It is the one that indicates the highest degree of quality that is expressed with it. The absolute superlative is expressed with the suffixes and adverbs mentioned above. For example: A very easy goal has failed.

http://www.wikilengua.org/index.php/Grado_superlativo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXNOnE5DoHs

https://slideplayer.es/slide/3513430/

https://ejemplos.yavendras.com/grado-superlativo/